Comparison of the advantages and disadvantages of commonly used international logistics and transportation modes

At present, international logistics transportation can be divided into three main categories: sea transport, land transport and air transport. It is subdivided into five types: air transportation, road transportation, railroad transportation, waterway transportation and pipeline transportation. Each of these modes of transportation has its own applicable scenarios. The following is a comparative analysis of their advantages and disadvantages.

First, air transportation category

1. Air transportation

Airline transportation, also known as "air transport" or "aircraft transportation", is the use of aircraft or other aircraft can be managed to manage the transport of goods trade in a way of teaching. Due to the relatively high cost of the enterprise, it is mainly applied to the goods with high social value and high freight affordability,国際輸送 as well as the development of the materials that need an urgent delivery, such as the parts of valuable equipment, high-grade products, disaster relief and rescue materials, and so on.

Advantages: fast speed, not limited by terrain, can reach the areas that trains and automobiles can not reach.

Disadvantages: high cost, not suitable for the transportation of general cargo.

Second, land transportation

1. Road transportation

Road transportation refers to the way of using cars or other vehicles to transport on the road. It is mainly responsible for the transportation of short-distance and small-volume goods, and has strong flexibility.

Advantages: high flexibility, short road construction period, low investment, easy to adapt to local conditions, low requirements for receiving and sending station facilities;

Disadvantages: limited to short-distance transportation.

2. Railway transportation

Railroad transportation is mainly responsible for long-distance, high-volume cargo transportation. In areas without waterway transportation, most bulk cargoes are transported by railroad, which plays a leading role in mainline transportation. With the expansion of high-speed railroad coverage, railroad transportations are likely to become the best medium and large-scale freight transportations, where time and costs will be optimized.

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Advantages:Fast speed, less restricted by natural conditions, large capacity, low transportation cost;

Disadvantages: poor flexibility, can only be transported on fixed lines, need to cooperate with other modes of transportation.

3. Pipeline transportation

Pipeline transportation is a way of transporting gases, liquids and powdery solids by pipelines. It is characterized by the sequential movement of objects in the pipeline along the direction of pressure, and the significant difference with other modes of transportation is that the pipeline equipment is stationary. In the future, pipeline transportation may develop into high-speed passenger transportation, such as the project studied by Musk in the United States.

Advantages: the use of sealed equipment, transportation development process can be avoided during the scattering, loss and other losses, suitable for China's transportation needs a large number of continuous for constantly improving the delivery of materials;

Disadvantages: poor flexibility, many types of goods, transportation of a single.

Third, waterway transportation

1. Waterway transportation

Waterway transportation includes sea transport, river transport, river transport and other modes of transportation on the water. It is mainly responsible for high-volume, long-distance transportation tasks, in the trunk transportation plays an important role. In the inland river and coastal areas, water transport is also often used as a small means of transportation, complementing and connecting the large-volume trunk transportation.

Advantages: low cost, can realize low-cost, high-volume, long-distance transportation.

Disadvantages: slow transportation speed, affected by ports, water level, seasons and climate, and may be interrupted for a long time in a year.

In summary, each international social logistics enterprise transportation management methods and methods have their unique advantages and limitations. When choosing a suitable mode of transport development, it is necessary to carry out a comprehensive consideration of the nature of the goods, transport distance, cost and time and other factors, in order to achieve the best results of logistics services.

transportation category trains land transportation

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