International maritime, land and air transportation have their own advantages and disadvantages.

First of all, international maritime transport is an efficient mode of transportation service for socio-economic management and is suitable for long-distance cargo transportation. esg shippingIts advantages mainly include: 1. large capacity: ocean transportation enterprises can be used as carrying a large amount of goods, suitable for large-volume trade in the international market; 2. low cost: compared with other national transportation work mode, the cost of maritime transportation is relatively low; 3. well-connected shipping routes: maritime transportation can be analyzed at the same time through the study of the resources of ports around the globe for the analysis of cargo transportation, connecting a worldwide. However, maritime transportation also exists for some shortcomings: 1. slow speed: due to the ship life need to bypass the land and islands, so the problem of the time of maritime transportation is relatively long; 2. high risk of navigational safety: the process of maritime transportation is susceptible to the influence of the weather and sea conditions, there are to provide a certain degree of navigational risk; 3. the date of the voyage is not easy to accurately: due to the student of a variety of environmental factors of the interference of the date of the ship's voyage may result in the cannot be accurately predicted.

Secondly, land transportation (road and rail) is also an important mode of transportation. Advantages of road transportation include: 1. Flexibility: road transportation allows for the adjustment of routes and schedules as needed. 2. Low construction costs: road construction costs are low compared to railroads and air transportation. 3. Door-to-door transportation: road transportation allows for the transportation of goods directly from the place of shipment to the place of receipt. 4. However, road transportation has some disadvantages: 1. Relatively high unit transportation costs: road transportation costs are higher than those of railroads and sea transportation; 2. Affected by natural conditions: Road transportation is easily affected by weather and road conditions. Advantages of railroad transportation include: 1. fast: railroad transportation is relatively fast. 2. heavy: railroads can transport large quantities of goods. 3. unaffected by natural conditions: railroad transportation is unaffected by weather, road conditions, and other factors. However, railroad transportation has some disadvantages: 1. high investment: railroad construction requires high investment. 2. travel only on fixed routes: railroad transportation can only be carried out on fixed routes. 3. poor flexibility: railroad transportation schedules and routes are relatively fixed, and are not as flexible as other modes of transport. In addition, the cost of short-distance railroad transportation is also higher.

Finally, international air transport is a fast and efficient mode of transport, suitable for the transportation of small quantities, high value and lightweight goods. Its advantages include:1 . Fast speed:Air transport is one of the fastest modes of transportation, which can quickly deliver the goods to the destination; 2. Convenient delivery:Air transport can realize door-to-door delivery service, which is convenient for customers to pick up the goods; 3. It is suitable for the goods with high value, small volume, small quantity and high speed requirement. However, air transport also has some disadvantages:1. High price: the cost of air transport is relatively high;logistic and supply chain 2. More restrictions on the types of goods: air transport has more restrictions on liquids, fragile goods and other special goods; 3. Packaging can't be too big: due to the limited space of the aircraft, there are certain restrictions on the volume and weight of the goods in air transport.

According to the different ways of ship operation, sea transportation can be divided into liner transportation and chartered ship transportation. Liner transportation is a regular shipping service according to fixed time, route and freight rate. Characteristics include: 1. fixed schedule, routes, ports of call and relatively fixed tariffs;. Liner freight includes loading and unloading fees, and the ship is responsible for port loading and unloading;. The number of liner cargo is more flexible, shippers book according to the need, suitable for general cargo and containerized cargo transportation. Liner freight rates are stipulated by the liner tariff table, which includes basic freight rates and various surcharges. The basic rate is divided into conventional rate and containerized rate. In addition, liner shipping rates include various surcharges such as extra-long surcharges, overweight surcharges, port-of-discharge surcharges, and other options. In addition to the above ocean freight rates, containerized freight rates also include related service charges and equipment charges. In addition, liner companies charge higher freight rates based on different cargoes mixed in the same package. If the same cargo note is in different packages, the billing levels and standards are also different. If the shipper does not specify the gross weight and volume in different packages, the freight rate will be charged for the entire consignment at the higher rate. sustainable shipping company If there are more than two different names on the same bill of lading, the bill of lading will also be charged at the higher rate if the shipper does not specify the gross weight and volume separately.

transportation international air transport sea transportation

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