What are the advantages and disadvantages of international sea transport, land transport and air transport?

Land transport mostly refers to car transport, cargo booking short distance, fast speed, door-to-door transport can be achieved, high cost, suitable for inland transport, the distance between cities is not too far, most of them are exports, of course, China also has north-south routes, coastal is also good. Suitable for long-distance transportation, the time requirements for goods are not so strict, such as furniture, wood, tools, etc., and now there are sea coolers, packaging fruits and vegetables are no problem. Save money, but the time will be longer, transported by the container, from the dock station to the dock station, and still need to cooperate with the container truck transport after arriving at the port. Mainly used for international transportation, a wide variety.

International shipping

Advantages: The advantages of ocean transportation are large volume, container shipping rates low shipping cost and wide navigation channels.

Disadvantages: However, the speed is slow, freight booking the navigation safety risk is large, and the navigation time and date are not easy to be accurate, which is the insufficient problem.

Land transport (road and rail)

Highway: the advantages are strong flexibility, low construction investment, easy to adapt to local conditions and door-to-door transportation; The disadvantage is that the unit transportation cost is relatively high.

Railway: the advantage is that the transport speed is fast, the carrying capacity is large, and it is not affected by natural conditions; The disadvantage is that the construction investment is large, it can only be driven on fixed lines, the flexibility is poor, and it needs to cooperate with other modes of transportation and connection methods, and the short-distance transportation cost is high.

International air transport

Disadvantages: The price is high, the number of goods transported is small, the packaging should not be too large, and the type of goods has great limitations.

Advantages: fast speed, convenient delivery, suitable for high enterprise value, small size, small amount, high speed development requirements of the goods.

According to the mode of operation of the ship, Marine transport can be divided into liner transport and charter transport, according to regional classification, container transport can be divided into domestic and foreign trade maritime transport.

1. Liner transportation

The characteristics of liner transport are as follows :1. Liner transport has fixed schedule, route, port of call and relatively fixed freight rate. 2. The handling charge is included in the liner freight, so the ship is responsible for the port handling of the liner; 3. The quantity of goods transported by liner is flexible, and the cargo owner can book the shipping space according to his needs, which is especially suitable for the transportation of general groceries and container goods.

2. Liner freight

Liner rates are regulated by liner rates, which include basic freight and various surcharges. Basic freight is divided into two categories: traditional general freight and container freight.

There are also grocery freight charges based on the price of the item or the number of pieces. For bulk goods of low value, the freight rate can be agreed upon by both parties.

There are various surcharges in liner freight, including; Overlength surcharge, overweight surcharge, choice of port of discharge surcharge, change of port of discharge surcharge, fuel surcharge, port congestion surcharge, detour surcharge, transshipment surcharge and direct surcharge, etc.

Container transportation costs, in addition to the above shipping costs, also need to include the enterprise related service fees and equipment management fees.

In addition, liner companies charge higher freight rates for different cargoes mixed in the same package. Goods on the same bill of lading, such as different packaging, have different pricing levels and standards, such as the shipper does not list the gross weight and volume according to different packaging, the complete bill of lading will be charged at a higher rate, if there are more than two different names on the same bill of lading, if the shipper does not list the gross weight and volume separately, the freight will be charged at a higher rate.

cargo booking wide variety

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